That is, the entire user space is filled with 0s. Physically, each cell would be read back as a 1, however, as a practical matter, the drive sees “empty” cells, and interprets these cells as logical 0, meeting the requirement of SECURITY ERASE UNIT. In fact, once complete, the drive as a unit is now in a performance state that we know as “Fresh-out-of-Box,” or FOB. After this, the storage element is now in a state where it is ready to be programmed with new data from the host computer. Each targeted storage element is raised to an erase voltage (significantly higher than the standard program voltage), then that signal is dropped to ground, leaving no trace of the previous signal. For a NAND FLASH-based SSD, the proper way to eliminate data from the media is to execute a BLOCK ERASE on each element in the NAND FLASH array on the device. For an HDD, overwriting the data with an all-0 pattern is a perfectly legitimate method, but it is not an effective method for an SSD. Although SSDs were designed as drop-in replacements for HDDs, behind the interface the technology is very different, and proper erase methods are completely different. Micron knew this fact when our first SSDs were only in the concept phase. That said, to my opinion, the true takeaway from the study is that data sanitization methods which were tried-and-true with HDDs were often very ineffective with SSDs. That some products existed at the time which actually did fail this operation is beyond doubt, but we know that Micron SSDs were not among them. In 2011, researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) released a study which reported that many solid state, NAND FLASH devices failed to completely erase the media when “secure erase” commands were executed. And, unfortunately, the process of sanitizing SSDs carries some historical baggage, which is worth re-visiting. This may seem like a bit of trivia, but for applications where the stored data carries significant value and must be protected because the data is proprietary, private, or is literally Top Secret, this sanitization process can be critically important. We contracted with the experts at KrollOntrack to validate that when you use the Sanitize Drive function in our Storage Executive software, you will successfully eliminate all of the user and system data on your SSD. Now, we have repeated this validation with our latest Client SATA SSD, the 1100, our most advanced 3D NAND-based client SSD. Sanitizing the Micron ® 1100 SSD, now validated by KrollOntrackĪ couple years ago, we achieved a third-party validation for the sanitize process on our M600 Client SATA SSD.
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